What is the required action upon diagnosing an individual with phenylketonuria?

The required action upon diagnosing an individual with phenylketonuria (PKU) primarily involves informing the patient about dietary changes. PKU is a genetic disorder characterized by an inability to properly metabolize phenylalanine, an amino acid found in many protein-containing foods. The early identification and management of this condition, particularly through a low-phenylalanine diet, are crucial in preventing serious health issues such as intellectual disability.

While it is also important to notify appropriate health agencies for surveillance and public health management, the immediate course of action focuses on educating the patient about the necessary dietary modifications to avoid the harmful effects of phenylalanine accumulation. Counseling the patient regarding dietary restrictions is essential for the effective management of PKU and helps ensure they can lead a healthy life without the complications associated with the disorder. Therefore, focusing on dietary changes is the most critical and immediate action following the diagnosis.